In 1932, Rosa Tamarkina was admitted to the Special Children’s Group at the Moscow Conservatory, which had been organized by Alexander Goldenweiser, and entered Goldenweiser’s own class. By 1935 she was already a student of Goldenweiser at the conservatory.
In 1940, after graduating from the conservatory with distinction, Tamarkina entered postgraduate study initially under Goldenweiser, before transferring in 1943 to the class of Konstantin Igumnov.