Louis Couperin was the eldest son of Charles Couperin, and one of his two younger brothers was François Couperin. In 1651, after Louis had settled in Paris, his brothers followed him there.
François Couperin's father, Charles Couperin (1639–1679), was the youngest brother of Louis Couperin and succeeded him as organist of the church of Saint-Gervais in Paris. François Couperin was therefore Louis Couperin's nephew.